A hierarchy of skilled workers and specialists operates the rig, with the Offshore Installation Manager (OIM) acting as the chief executive and final authority for all decisions. The drilling operations are directly supervised by the Toolpusher, with the Driller having hands-on control of the drilling equipment and the rate of drilling. The Derrickman works high up in the derrick, managing the drill string and the mud pumps. The entry-level positions on the drill floor are typically the Roughnecks or Floorhands, who perform manual tasks, assist the driller, and handle the sections of pipe.
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Steel casing pipes are lowered into the wellbore to prevent it from collapsing, and cement is pumped into the space between the casing and the rock (the annulus) to permanently secure and seal the well. This is a progressive process, with progressively smaller casings used as the well deepens, ensuring wellbore stability and isolating different pressure zones to prevent a catastrophic event known as a blowout, which is managed by the Blowout Preventer (BOP).
